Which of the following is a non-modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease?

Age is indeed recognized as a non-modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Non-modifiable risk factors are those that individuals cannot change, such as genetic predispositions, age, and family history. As a person ages, the risk for cardiovascular issues generally increases due to various physiological changes that occur with time, including the potential for vessel stiffness, increased blood pressure, and other age-related health concerns.

In contrast, other aspects like high cholesterol levels, obesity, and smoking are modifiable risk factors. These are conditions that individuals can influence through lifestyle changes, medication, and interventions. For instance, engaging in a healthier diet and regular exercise can help manage cholesterol and obesity, while quitting smoking can significantly lower the risk of cardiovascular disease. Understanding these differences is crucial in assessing and managing cardiovascular health risks effectively.