What plays a critical role in maintaining the heart's rhythm?

The electrical conduction system is essential for maintaining the heart's rhythm. It consists of specialized cells that generate and propagate electrical impulses necessary for the heart to contract and pump blood effectively. This system includes structures such as the sinoatrial (SA) node, which acts as the natural pacemaker of the heart, the atrioventricular (AV) node, the bundle of His, and the Purkinje fibers.

The SA node initiates the electrical signals that dictate the heartbeat, ensuring that the heart contracts in a coordinated manner. Any disruption in this conduction system can lead to arrhythmias or irregular heartbeats, which can significantly affect cardiac output and overall heart function. Thus, the electrical conduction system's role is paramount for maintaining a stable and effective rhythm in the heart.