What is the treatment for atrial fibrillation?

The treatment for atrial fibrillation primarily involves medications to manage the condition and potentially cardioversion to restore normal heart rhythm. Medications can include anticoagulants to prevent blood clots, rate control agents like beta-blockers or calcium channel blockers to manage heart rate, and antiarrhythmics to restore and maintain normal rhythm.

Cardioversion can be performed electrically or chemically to revert the heart's rhythm back to normal if the patient is experiencing significant symptoms or if the atrial fibrillation is persistent. This approach addresses both the immediate symptoms of the arrhythmia and the long-term management of the condition.

The other options do not encompass standard treatments for atrial fibrillation. Surgical interventions may be considered for specific cases or types of arrhythmia but are not the primary treatment for all patients. The administration of antibiotics is unrelated to atrial fibrillation, as it typically deals with bacterial infections rather than heart rhythm disorders. Lastly, strict bed rest is not an effective treatment for atrial fibrillation and is generally not recommended, as it might limit patient mobility and overall well-being. Therefore, the combination of medications and the option of cardioversion represents a comprehensive approach to managing atrial fibrillation effectively.