What is the significance of the EKG (electrocardiogram)?

The significance of the electrocardiogram (EKG) lies in its ability to measure the electrical activity of the heart. This primary function makes it an essential tool in diagnosing and monitoring various cardiac conditions. The EKG records the heart's electrical impulses, displaying them as waveforms on a graph. Healthcare professionals can analyze these waveforms to identify abnormalities in heart rhythm, such as arrhythmias, which can lead to serious complications if left undetected.

Additionally, the EKG can provide insights into other heart-related issues, such as ischemia or infarction, by examining how electrical signals are conducted through the heart muscle. This diagnostic capability is critical for timely intervention and treatment. In contrast, other options focus on different physiological measurements not related to electrical activity, such as imaging structures or assessing blood oxygen levels, which do not embody the primary role of an EKG. Therefore, option B accurately reflects the core function and significance of the electrocardiogram in cardiovascular assessment.