What is hypertension?

Hypertension is defined as a chronic condition characterized by elevated blood pressure, which typically remains consistently higher than normal levels over an extended period of time. This condition is often diagnosed when blood pressure readings consistently exceed 130/80 mm Hg, reflecting the pressure in the arteries during the heart’s contractions (systolic) and when the heart is at rest between beats (diastolic).

Understanding hypertension is crucial because it often has no symptoms, yet it significantly increases the risk of serious health issues, such as heart disease, stroke, and kidney damage. This chronic condition can develop due to a combination of genetic factors, lifestyle choices, such as diet and physical activity, and existing health problems.

The other options describe conditions that do not relate to the persistent nature of hypertension. For example, low blood pressure does not align with hypertension; an acute condition that resolves quickly does not accurately describe a chronic condition like hypertension; and a temporary increase in heart rate refers to a different physiological response that does not address blood pressure levels. Thus, the definition of hypertension as a chronic condition marked by elevated blood pressure is essential for recognizing its significance in cardiovascular health.