For what purpose is an echocardiogram primarily used?

An echocardiogram is primarily used to assess heart structure and function. This non-invasive imaging technique utilizes sound waves to create detailed images of the heart's chambers, valves, and surrounding structures. By providing insights into the heart's anatomy, an echocardiogram helps in evaluating conditions such as cardiomyopathies, valvular heart disease, and congenital heart defects. It also allows clinicians to assess how well the heart is pumping blood and to detect any abnormalities in the heart's movement or blood flow.

The other options focus on different aspects of cardiovascular assessment. Monitoring heart rate is typically performed with an electrocardiogram (ECG) or with pulse assessments, not through echocardiography. Measuring blood pressure is done directly with a sphygmomanometer, rather than via imaging techniques. While an echocardiogram can help visualize heart murmurs indirectly by revealing structural problems that might cause them, its primary purpose is more comprehensive—focusing on detailed evaluation of heart structure and overall function.